Agricultural technologies are rapidly evolving towards a new paradigmAgriculture 4.0. Precision and Automated Ag. Technologies. Within this paradigm, digitalization, automation, remote sensing, GIS, irrigation system and technologies, image analysis of unmanned aerial vehiclesbased data for phenotyping applications, artificial intelligence, Global Positioning System, agriculture robotics, drones, information and communications technology, and Internet of things play a major role in crop production, including weeding, pest control and engagement practices. This evolution presents both challenges and opportunities, such as leap frogging from manual and animal-driven technologies to automated and mechanized equipment in developing countries and closing the digital divide. The development of Agriculture 4.0 Precision and Automated Ag. Technologies will create new opportunities that can attract youth and entrepreneurs into the sector, tackling some of the causes for rural–urban migration and contributing to the economic component of sustainability. This book will be useful forthe application of Remote sensing and GIS, Artificial Intelligence, Global Positioning System, Agriculture Robotics, Drones, Irrigation System and Technologies, Information and Communications Technology, Internet of things and Information technologies in the area of agricultural mechanization for crop production, and its specific applicability in the context of sustainable development. It takes into consideration the social, economic and environmental dimensions of its adoption and explores its potential. It presents some of the technical characteristics of remote sensing, GIS, artificial intelligence, Global Positioning System, agriculture robotics, drones, information and communications technology, irrigation system and technologies, image analysis of unmanned aerial vehicles-based data for phenotyping applications, and Internet of things highlights major challenges to overcome in order to achieve its successful adoption, such as adequate infrastructure, stakeholder capacity, economic viability and data ownership. This book provides an analysis of some of the major areas of intervention that are needed for the different stakeholders, including smallholder farmers in developing countries
Dr. M.G. Shinde is working as Professor of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Co-Principal Investigator, CAAST-CSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri. Earlier he handled two externally funded projects on fertigation for important cash crops in Maharashtra. He has more than 40 research papers in different National and International Journals. He has three edited books to his credit. He holds B.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) from MPKV, Rahuri, M. Tech. (WRDM) from IIT, Kharagpur, M.C.M. from Pune University and Ph.D. from Loughborough University, UK. He received Commonwealth Scholarship for his Ph.D. studies in the UK and received “Shine” International Students Award from British Council during his Ph.D. He has guided more than 25 Masters students 3 Ph.D. students. He was also member of State Level Committee on “Real Time Flood Forecasting of Krishna and Bhima River Basins”. He is a member of six professional societies. He has been instrumental in developing the Collaboration of Alumni Association of Dr. Annasaheb Shinde College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Rahuri with the CAAST-CSAWM project.
Dr. S.D. Gorantiwar is presently working as Head of Agricultural Engineering and Principal Investigator, CAAST-CSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri. He has published research papers more than 30 International and 123 National Journals in NAAS ranking >6 is 25, more than 72 full length research papers in the proceedings of International and National Conferences/Seminars. He has published more than 16 books. He has organized more than 100 International and National level training, seminar, conferences and symposium. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Agricultural Research and Technology having the NAAS rating of 4.18. He has received Engineering Achievement Award (2008) and Outstanding Engineer Award (2009). He has been fellow of the Institution of Engineers (India), Indian Water Resources Society and Indian Association of Hydrologists.
Dr. Prabhat Kumar, Principal Scientist & National Coordinator of World Bank (W.B.) and ICAR funded “National Agricultural Higher Education Project”, began his career as Assistant Professor (Horticulture) in the prestigious GB Pant Agricultural University, Pantnagar. He has served nearly one decade with extra assignment like Assistant Director, Model Floriculture Centre and Assistant Coordinator, International Agriculture Aboutthe Editors v School. He was also chosen to work in Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna University, Srinagar and Garhwal as an Associate Professor (Horticulture) and spent almost one and a half years in a Central University. He was selected as Senior Scientist in ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Pusa, New Delhi and subsequently promoted to Principal Scientist. He has 17 years’ experience expertise in the field of horticulture, education and research to enhance the standard of agricultural education. He has more than 50 publications including academic papers, popular articles, manuals, books, etc. in renowned national and foreign journals. Dr Kumar has been awarded four fellowships from prestigious scientific societies and has won many awards in his career.
Dr. S.M. Nalawade is working as Professor and Head Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Dr. A.S. College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, and team member of CAAST-CSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri. Currently he is Co-investigator of Centre for Advance Agriculture Science and Technology on “Climate Smart Agriculture and Water Management”, funded by “World Bank”. He has published 25 research papers in different International and National Journals, 28 technical articles, 22 extension/popular articles, 2 books and 70 Google Scholar Citation. He has received the best doctoral research award-2018, and Agri India Hackathon 2021 winner: “Remotely operated spraying robot”. He has guided four students for Ph.D. and two for M. Tech. in Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, guided five students as major Advisor for M. Tech. Project and nineteen students for B. Tech. Projects.
Dr. A.A. Atre is working as Professor of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Procurement Officer, CAAST-CSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri. He has published 59 research papers and three review papers in different International and National Journals. He has 33 full length research papers published in the proceedings of International and National Conferences/ Seminars/Symposia. He has three edited books to his credit, which are based on proceedings of the National Level Seminars organized as Convener/Co-Convener/Organizing Secretary under the aegis of Ahmednagar Local Centre of Institution of Engineers (India) (IEI). He has worked as Editor for Journal of Agricultural Engineering (NAAS rating 5.59) and Agricultural Engineering Today (NAAS rating 5.30) published by Indian Society of Agricultural Engineers (ISAE) for six years. He has received ISAE Convention Memorial Gold Medal and Shri. Gangadhar Hari Paradkar Silver Medal for being First Class First in B.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) in 1983. He has also received Distinguished Service Certificate of ISAE during 1998-99 and Agricultural Engineering Division Medal of About the Editors / vi IE(I) during 1998-99. He is Fellow of the Institution of Engineers (India), Indian Water Resources Society and Indian Association of Hydrologists.
Dr. J. Rajesh has obtained Ph.D. degree in Remote Sensing from Bharathidasan University. He has joined CAAST-CSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri in January 2019 as a Research Associate (Remote Sensing and GIS) of MPKV, Rahuri. He holds M. Tech. degree in Geographical Information System from Bharathidasan University and M. Sc.in Earth Science with first Rank from Tamil University, Thanjavur, India. Priorto joining CAASTCSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri, he worked for the Centre on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and Pacific (CIRDAP), as a Project Scientist, National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRD&PR), India as a Senior Project Scientist in a Project on Application of Space Technology in Rural Road Project under PMGSY. He was involved in a Research Project of the Centre for Remote Sensing, Bharathidasan University as University Research Fellow and has published research articles in reputed journals and has participated in many National and International conference/ workshops.
Dr. V.S. Malunjkar has obtained M. Tech. in Soil and Water Engineering from UAS Raichur and Ph.D. in SWCE from MPKV., Rahuri. He is a recipient of University Gold medals for securing first Rank in Master’s programme at UAS, Raichur. He has published 19 research papers in different International and National Journals. He has two edited books to his credit, which are based on proceedings of the National Level Seminars under the aegis of Ahmednagar Local Centre of Institution of Engineers (India) (IEI). He has received Promising Engineers Award from Ahmednagar Local Centre of Institution of Engineers (India) (IEI) in 2014. He is also a recipient of two gold medals and a silver medal for outstanding performance in Art activities performed during National level Agri. University Youth Festival held at SHUATS, Allahabad in 2011. He is Associate member of the Institution of Engineers (India), Indian Society of Agricultural Engineers and Association of Agrometeorologists. Presently, he is working as Research Associate of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, CAAST-CSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri.
Dr. C.B. Pande is working as a Research Associate under CAAST-CSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri. I have more than one decade of university, research and industrial experience. He has been reviewers of Earth Science Research Journal, American Journal of Geophysics, Geochemistry, and Geosystems, Sustainable Water Resource Management Springer Journal, Modelling Earth System and Environmental Springer Journal, Applied Geomatics, Springer Journal, Journal of Agriculture Sciences (Bioinfo Publication), About the Editors / vii Applied Water Science Springer, Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): series A Springer, Groundwater Sustainable Development Elsevier Journal and Environmental Sustainable Development Springer Journal. He has published 46 research papers in International Journals with Springer, Taylor and Francis and Elsevier publications with citations more than 695. He has published more than 20 research papers in national and international conferences. His research interest includes Remote Sensing, GIS, Watershed Management, Hydrogeology, Remote Sensing, Precision Farming, Hydrological Modeling, Land Use and Land Cover Analysis, Groundwater Quality, Urban Planning, Hydro-geochemistry, Groundwater Modelling, Geology, Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, Remote Sensing and GIS application in natural resources management, watershed management and Environmental Monitoring and assessment subjects.
Dr. N.J. Deshmukh has obtained his Post-graduation and Doctorate in Plant Pathology discipline from Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri. He has qualified National Eligibility Test conducted by Agricultural Scientist Recruitment Board, New Delhi. As a researcher in the area of Plant Pathology, Dr. Deshmukh has worked on integrated diseases management in Sugarcane and Pea crop. He has published 12 research articles in different International and National Journals, 2 book chapters, 2 books, 25 extension publications and delivered more than 15 Radio Talks. He has developed android based mobile application for the management of pest and diseases of crops. He is life time member of four professional societies. In addition to doing science,Dr. Deshmukh is a recipient of University Gold Medal in the Inter-university Weight Lifting tournament held at Guru Nanak University, Amritsar, Punjab during 2011- 2012. Er.
Y.S. Dighe has completed his Master’s in Engineering specialization in Design Engineering from SPPU, Pune. He has published 7 research papers in different International and National Journals. He has good academic and research experience of about 10+years. Presently, he is working as Research Associate of Mechanical Engineering at, CAASTCSAWM, MPKV, Rahuri.
1. Precision Agriculture and Automation Technologies for Specialty Crop Production Management ............................... 1 Dr. Lav Khot
2. Internet of – Things Enabled in-Field Sensing Technologies for Abiotic Crop Stress Management .......................................... 11 Mr. Rakesh Ranjan
3. Agriculture Robotics: The Need, Impact and Strategy ............ 25 Dr. Qin Zhang
4. UAV Based Image Processing Algorithm for Classification and Segmentation ...................... 35 Mr. Anish Gorantiwar
5. Drone Based Thermal and Multispectral Remote Sensing with METRIC Energy Balance for Geospatial Crop Water Use Mapping............................................... 49 Mr. Abilash K. Chandel
6. Comparing the Costs and Benefits of Various Irrigation Technologies to Save the Water. Which is the Biggest Bang for Buck? .................................................. 69 Dr. R. Troy Peters
7. Image Analysis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles-based Data for Phenotyping Applications ....................................................... 85 Dr. Chongyuan Zhang
8. Use of Proximal and Remote Sensing Data in Crop Phenotyping to Support Breeding Programs ............................. 99 Dr. Sindhuja Sankaran
9. Decoding Drone Imagery with Pix4D.......................................119 Ms. Momtanu Chakraborty
10. Remote Monitoring in Agriculture .............................................135 Dr. Harshal Galgale
