Veterinary public health is a component of public health devoted to the application of professional veterinary skills, knowledge, and resources for the protection and improvement of human health. Veterinary profession in general makes it possible for farmers to provide the public with abundant protein foods like meat, milk, eggs, and fish. Veterinary public health branch of this profession protects the sources of this food supply from the ravages of communicable diseases. It also guards mankind from zoonotic diseases which are transmitted from animals to man and vice versa. These and many other lines of work directly improve the public health. Veterinary Public Health is taught to veterinary students at undergraduate and post-graduate levels. For undergraduates, the syllabus of veterinary public health is usually splitted into at-least two courses covering principles of meat, milk, fish and egg hygiene and various zoonotic diseases and their prevention and control. The purpose of this text book is to bring together the information on the said contents of syllabus of veterinary public health in an extensive but simple way. The authors trust that this text book will prove to be beneficial to the students in understanding the application of veterinary public health in public health. The book will also be useful to all others who are associated directly or indirectly in activities of veterinary public health/and public health.
Dr. Ashwani Kumar (B.V.Sc. & A.H., M.V.Sc., Ph.D., FIAVPHS) has 43 years teaching and research experience in the areas of Veterinary Public Health and Veterinary Microbiology. He had been Professor and Head, Department of Veterinary Public Health, CCSHAU, Hisar, India and a Professor, Veterinary Public Health in India and Ethiopia for about 30 years. He has guided several Ph.D., M.V.Sc./ M.Sc. and DVM students. Food Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal Mycoplasmosis are the areas of his research. He has more than 125 publications including book chapters, teaching material, laboratory manuals and two books written on Fish Production and Diseases and Emerging and Re-emerging Zoonoses. Awarded FAO Fellowship, INSA Visiting Fellowship and DBT Biotechnology National Associateship. He has visited University of Illinois, Urbana, USA, University of Sydney, Australia and has served as Professor of Veterinary Public Health at Mekelle University and Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Dr. Ankit Gupta (MBBS, MD Pediatrics) has more than 8 years of experience in the field of pediatrics and neonatology. He has a distinguished career having done his medical schooling at Delhi University and completed his post-graduate degree in Pediatrics from the prestigious Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India. He has been awarded the gold medal for the best final year student during his post graduate training and also received bronze medal in the field of pediatrics in final year MBBS. He has been a clinical fellow of Neonatology after completing the Clinical fellowship training under the aegis of NNF. Currently, he is working as a Neonatal Clinical Fellow at John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospital NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom. He is a life member of NNF and holds registration with DMC as well as with GMC, UK. He is a strong believer of ‘One Health One Medicine’ and has a keen interest in public health and infectious diseases (including zoonoses) which contribute significantly to under-5 morbidity and mortality in developing countries.
Part 1: Meaning of Public Health and Veterinary Public Health
1. Meaning, Functions and Activities of Public Health ..... 1
2. Veterinary Public Health and its Role in Public Health ..................................... 12
Part 2: Milk Hygiene
3. Milk Hygiene: An Introduction ....................................... 19
4. Milk Associated Health Problems.................................... 23
5. Chemical Compostion, Physico-Chemical and Microbial Properties of Milk ........... 32
6. Hygienic Practices at Dairy Farm for High-Quality Milk .............................................................. 43
7. Hygienic Collection and Transportation of Milk ...................................................... 50
8. Hygienic Handling and Processing of Milk at Dairy Plant..........53
9. Use of Preservatives in Milk ............................................. 62
10. Milk Adulterants ................................................................ 66
11. Hygienic Production of Dairy Products ......................... 71
Part 3: Meat Hygiene
12. Meat Hygiene: An Introduction ...................................... 81
13. Meat-borne Diseases .......................................................... 84
14. Spoilage of Meat ...............................................................102
15. Meat Quality .....................................................................106
16. Abattoir Components, Cleaning and Sanitation .....................................113
17. Transportation and Pre-slaughter Care of Meat Animals .............................122
18. Slaughter Operations .......................................................127
19. Meat Inspection: Ante-mortem Inspection of Animals ..................................131
20. Meat Inspection: Lymph-nodes as Indicator of Diseases ...............................137
21. Meat Inspection: Post-mortem Inspection and Judgement of Meat .........141
22. Meat Differentiation ........................................................149
23. Processing of Meat By-products and Disposal of Unsound Meat ............................155
24. Abattoir Waste Management .........................................161
25. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) in Meat Production ............................168
26. Preservation of Meat ........................................................172
27. Residues in Meat...............................................................177
28. Egg Hygiene ......................................................................183
29. Fish Hygiene ......................................................................193
Part 4: Zoonoses
30. Introduction and Classification of Zoonoses ..............205
31. Rabies ..................................................................................213
32. Rift Valley Fever ...............................................................219
33. Influenza Virus and Zoonotic Significance .................225
34. Zoonotic Importance of Zika Virus...............................232
35. Zoonotic Importance of Coronaviruses .......................237 i) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) ....238 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection ...................241 iii) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) .............243
36. Ebola Virus Disease ..........................................................248
37. Monkey Pox .......................................................................251
38. Zoonosis due to Orf Virus ...............................................254 Parasitic Zoonoses
39. Taeniasis & Cysticercosis ................................................257
40. Echinococcosis ..................................................................263
41. Trichinellosis ......................................................................269
42. Schistosomiasis ..................................................................273
43. Fasciolosis ...........................................................................277
44. Leishmaniasis ....................................................................282
45. Toxoplasmosis ...................................287 Rickettsial, Chlamydial and Fungal Zoonoses
46. Rickettsiae & Q-Fever ......................................................291
47. Cat Scratch Fever .............................................................296
48. Psittacosis: A Chlamydial Zoonosis ..............................300
49. Dermatophytosis (Ringworm) .......................................303
50. Aspergillosis ......................................................................310
51. Histoplasmosis ..................................................................315 Bacterial Zoonoses
52. Anthrax ..............................................................................319
53. Brucellosis ..........................................................................327
54. Listeriosis ............................................................................336
55. Leptospirosis ......................................................................340
56. Plague .................................................................................344
57. Non-typhoidal Salmonella Zoonosis .............................349
58. Zoonotic Role of Escherichia coli .....................................356
59. Campylobacteriosis ..........................................................371
60. Tuberculosis .......................................................................376
61. Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.........................................384
62. Erysipeloid .........................................................................388
63. Prevention and Control of Zoonotic Diseases .............394
