This book “Host-plant Resistance to Insect Pests” is the Entomology course materials used for the M.Sc. and Ph.D. students under the teaching programme in Agricultural Universities. This book is very helpful to cover your syllabus. This compilation of book is to improve your basic knowledge. I am very confident that the text book would be a very good source materials for the students of Agriculture and allied subjects.
Mr. Dwarka is Research Scholar, perusing Ph.D. in Agricultural Entomology at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. He did his post-graduation in Agricultural Entomology from Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. He has qualified ICAR-NET and received different awards from different professional societies and institutes. He has published several research papers, review paper, book chapter, popular and articles to his credit.
Ms. Babli Ph.D. Research Scholar, in Plant Pathology at Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P. She received her M.Sc. (Ag.) in Plant Pathology discipline from Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, M.P. in the year 2019 & B.Sc. (Ag.) from Rafi Ahmed Kidwai College of Agriculture, Sehore, M.P. in the year 2017. She was awarded by multiples professional societies and institutes for remarkable work in plant pathology. She has published several research papers, book chapters, popular articles and presented research in National and International scientific forum. She is interested about management of fungal plant pathogens, biochemicals activities of plant under biotic stress.
1. Host Plant Resistance ..................................................................... 1
Types of Resistance ....................................................................................... 2
Historical Prospects ....................................................................................... 4
Advantages ..................................................................................................... 5
Advantages of HPRa Component in IPM................................................... 6
Disadvantages ............................................................................................... 6
Mechanism of Resistance .............................................................................. 6
Adaptations of Resistance ............................................................................ 8
Assembly of Plant Species through Gene Pool ......................................... 13
Behaviour in Relation to Host Plant Factors ............................................. 15
Resistance Mechanism Directed Against Insect Feeding is Usually Classified........................................................................................ 18
2. Pathway ............................................................................................ 21
Signal Transduction Pathways .................................................................. 22
Methyle Jasmonate Pathway ...................................................................... 24
Octadecanoid Pathway ............................................................................... 28
Salisylic Acid (SA) ...................................................................................... 29
3. Biotechnological Approaches in Host Plant Resistance (HPR) ................................................. 31
Introduction...................................................................................... 31
Role of Trypsin Inhibitors and Protease Inhibitors in Plant Resistance ............................ 41
Plant Protease Inhibitors ................................................................ 41
Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) ................................................. 44
4. Secondary Metabolites Elicitors and Polyphenol Oxidase ............................. 51
Secondary Metabolites .................................................................... 51
Elicitors .............................................................................................. 53
Contents ix Advantages ....................................................................................... 54
Polyphenol Oxidase ........................................................................ 54
5. Short Notes ...................................................................................... 55
Biotype ............................................................................................... 55
Host Plant Selection ........................................................................ 55
Intensity of Resistance .................................................................... 57
Flotation ............................................................................................ 59
Plant Resistance Index.................................................................... 59
Theory of Chemosensory Underpinnings of Host Selection ... 59
Token Stimulus Theory................................................................... 60
Dual Discrimination Theory.......................................................... 61
Thorsteinson's Theory..................................................................... 62
Botanical Instinct Theory ............................................................... 63
Nutritional Imbalance Theory....................................................... 63
Negative Stimuli Theory or Inhibitory Chemical Theory......... 64
Non-preference and Antibiosis Theory ....................................... 65
Host Plant Defense Theory ............................................................ 65
Theory of Co-evolution................................................................... 66
Theory of Ehrlich and Raven (1964)............................................ 66
Co-evolution Insequence ................................................................ 67
Disseminate/Difuse Co-evolution ................................................ 68
Theory of the Geographic Mosaic ................................................ 69
Semiochemicals/Ecomones ........................................................... 69 Biorational......................................................................................... 74
Push-pull Technique ....................................................................... 74
Allelochemicals ................................................................................ 75
Allomones ......................................................................................... 75
Kairomones ....................................................................................... 75
Synomones ........................................................................................ 76
Apneumones .................................................................................... 76
Nutrients ........................................................................................... 76
Host Plant Nutritional Value ........................................................ 78
Terpenoids ........................................................................................ 79
Hormone Mimics and Antagonists for Insects ........................... 79
Coumarins ........................................................................................ 80
Lignins and Tannins ....................................................................... 80
Mobility of Insects ........................................................................... 81
Oviposition ....................................................................................... 81
Content of Silica .............................................................................. 82
Solidity ............................................................................................... 82
Plant Cuticle ..................................................................................... 82
Size and Shape................................................................................. 82
Lactins ............................................................................................... 83
Glycosides Cyanogenic (CGs) ....................................................... 83
Glucosinolates .................................................................................. 84
Phenolics ........................................................................................... 85
Terpenoids or Isoprenoids ............................................................. 86
Lipid Epicuticular............................................................................ 87
Proline................................................................................................ 88
Sugars ................................................................................................ 88
6. Short View ....................................................................................... 89
7. Some Important Points ................................................................. 91
References .....................................................................................177
