Agriculture is not only a way of life but also the foundation of our society. The book’s goals are to raise people’s knowledge of the rich, to instill a sense of pride in the fact that our agriculture has long-lasting practices, and to encourage scientific research based on traditional technology. For agricultural undergraduates, this book is meant to serve as a text. For agricultural undergraduates, this book is meant to serve as a text. Professional academic members, agricultural scientists, and students will find it to be a useful reference. Citations are not used in the text to prevent reader's distraction. The majority of the information in this book was culled from a variety of books, bulletins, monographs, magazines, and published papers, and the author acknowledges their due to those authors. The contribution of helpful information is acknowledged by the writers as coming from a number of people and institutions.
Ms. Kawaljeet kaur is working as an Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, CT Group of Institutions Jalandhar, Punjab, India. Since 2019 teaching undergraduate students. She has obtained B.Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture (2017) with first class and completed M.Sc. Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry in the year 2019 with first class as well from lovely professional university. Also she has got young scientist award and young soil scientist award in the year 2021. She has attended National and International level conference and also attended National and International webinars, workshops, and online quiz, certification programmers. She has published many research papers and review papers in reputed journals, popular articles, book chapters and many books.
Dr. Shyam S. Kurup has been specialized in Landscape Horticulture and Floriculture, currently working as an Associate Professor, Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE. He is engaged in Graduate, Undergraduate teaching and Research. He has published many high-quality research articles in referred journals, review papers and book chapters. In research, he has received many National and International research grants. Developed research collaborations with University of Tokyo, University of Stellenbosch, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Marche Polytechnic University, Italy, Kansas StateUniversity, University of Malaya, University Sains Malaysia, University of Arizona and also with UAE National agencies like Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi, UAE National Space Agency, Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Alain Municipality and many other organizations. He was working in Kerala Agricultural University, India before joining UAEU and engaged in teaching, research and extension activities. He was also a collaborator in research leading to the development of Sugarcane varieties and Cassava variety for commercial cultivation.
Dr. Nora Baldoni has obtained her B.Sc. degree at the ALMA MATER STUDIORUM University of Bologna, Italy, discussing a thesis on woman empowerment in agriculture, then she obtained a Master of Science M.Sc. in ‘’Natural Resources Management for Tropical Rural Development’’ at the University of Florence, Italy. For her Ph.D. course, she studied in deep biochar application to agricultural soils and obtained Ph.D. at the Marche Polytechnic University, Italy. During her studies, she performed practical stages in Brazil (animal welfare), in Uganda (okra Abelmoschus Esculentus (L.) Moench) cultivation) and in Jordan (CGIAR - ICARDA Center) on Agriculture Research Project organization. She has taught Soil Science at the Université d’Alger, Algeria, in a master’s degree course. During Ph.D., she published four high-quality research articles in refereed journals and one chapter of a book on Sustainable Crop Production.
Dr. Sreeramanan Subramaniam graduated with B.Sc. (Hons) of Biochemistry from Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) in 2000 and Ph.D. in Plant Biotechnology from the same university in 2005. He has worked as a lecturer at AIMST University, Malaysia from July 2004 prior joining the School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) in March 2008. His current research interests are on the plant tissue culture of various ornamental plants and horticultural crops, the establishment of cryo-preservation technology, secondary metabolites using cell culture system, genetic engineering of selected plants for fungal disease resistance, induction of hairy roots in selected medicinal plants, LED technology in plant tissue culture, somaclonal variation for crop improvement, an automatically-controlled vertical farming system on soilless strawberry and vegetable cultivation using LED lighting system with the synergistic integration of IoT, AI and computer vision technologies and studies on the vegetative crystal proteins from native Bacillus thuringiensis isolates. He has published more than 222 manuscripts in journals listed under Scopus/ISI, 12 book chapters,research reports, magazines, and 1 academic book. At the moment, a total of 24 Ph.D. and 42 M.Sc. students (both as main and co-supervisor) were graduated under his supervision. Currently, he is supervising 9 postgraduate students. His primary research collaborators are CREST (Malaysia), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), AIMST University (Malaysia), MARDI Malaysia, AIMST University (Malaysia), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK), Universiti Institut Teknologi Mara (UITM), UAEU University Abu Dhabi, Periyar University, Tamil Nadu, India, Institute of Biology of Mongolia (Mongolian Academy of Science), Rajshahi About the Authors/ vi University of Agriculture Bangladesh, Tribhuvan University, Nepal, Seedlab Sdn Bhd (Malaysia), United Plantations Sdn Bhd (Teluk Intan, Malaysia), Figs Direct Sdn Bhd (Kedah), OSRAM, P-Plus Sdn Bhd (LED company in Penang), and Seedlab Technologies Sdn Bhd. Currently, he is the founder and advisor for BioLED Sdn Bhd, a start-up company under Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM).
Dr. Subhash Chand presently working as a Professor in the Division of Soil Science, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agriculture Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar, UT of Jammu and Kashmir. He has 17 years experience of research, teaching and extension.
1. Soil Science .......................................................................................... 1
2. Agronomy.......................................................................................... 13
3. Agricultural Extension .................................................................... 25
4. Horticultural...................................................................................... 37
5. Entomology ....................................................................................... 49
6. Pathology ........................................................................................... 61
7. Forestry .............................................................................................. 73
8. Physiology.......................................................................................... 85
9. Agriculture Microbiology................................................................ 97
10. Agriculture Economics ..................................................................107
11. Biotechnology and Plant Tissue Culture ....................................121