Carbohydrates, fats, proteins are the nutrient substances which yield energy on metabolism and the other hand vitamins, minerals and water do not provide energy, but are required for the normal physiological functions of the animal body. There is another class, non-nutrients which are added as the additives to the feeds to enhance the utilization nutrients for optimum livestock production. These are the non-nutrient feed additives added in small amounts to the nutrients in the feeds for maximizing the utility in the gut and to increase the shelf life and with beneficial effects in other related factors. The use of animal food products increased sharply owing to the growing human population, national economies, and urbanization and these have been focussing for a challenge in animal industry. Animal feeding and nutrition are crucial and are linked to food-fuel-feed competition, productivity, health and welfare, environment, product safety and quality. Therefore, it is important that the nutrients are to be utilized effectively and economically by the addition of feed additives and by the application of Feed Technology which involves application of physical, chemical, biochemical, biological, and engineering techniques to increase the nutrient utilization of feed and fodders. Keeping in view both these factors, an effort is made to narrate some of the aspects of feed additives and feed technology in this book as both are interrelated.
The author was born on 29 August, 1967 and was graduated from College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati in 1989 completing his post-graduation in the discipline of Feed and Fodder Technology in the year 1991. He did his Doctor of Philosophy in the year 2010 at Tirupati. Popularly famed as Mocherla VAN Suryanarayana in the Google Search, he joined the acedemics in the noble Teachers Profession in the year 2001 after working as a Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in the field near about 9 years. In addition to teaching to the undergraduate, post-graduate and Ph.D. students, he also undertakes animal research as a part of research guidance to the post-graduates. He has 53 research articles both at National and International levels to his credit with many of them NAAS rated. He has authored 16 books for the benefit of the local farming community and the Veterinary Doctors of the State government. National and State authorities have honoured him with 15 awards for his academic excellence under various circumstances. He is the Fellow of National Academy of Veterinary Nutrition and Animal Welfare and Fellow of Animal Nutrition Association. He has attended various national & international conferences to present his research works. During his course he was invited to Thailand as a Guest Speakerfor One of the International conference during 2012. He has contributed many chapters in the field of Animal Nutrition published by various agencies. He has run 5 research projects as PI and CO-PI sponsored by different agencies. The author would like to be thankful to the GOD for giving him this opportunity to be associated with teaching profession. He is associated actively with Animal Nutrition Society of India for which he has worked as one of the Vice-Presidents and presently as a Joint Secretary for ANSI. Having selected into the noble teaching, the author would like to contribute much more to the field of Animal Nutrition in future.
I. Feed Additives in Livestock Feeding .................................1
1. General Introduction to Animal Nutrition................................... 1
2. Legislation ........................................................................................... 4
3. Antifungals ......................................................................................... 6
4. Antioxidants ....................................................................................... 9
5. Pellet Binders .................................................................................... 12
6. Feed Flavours ................................................................................... 13
7. Digestion Modifiers/EFE ............................................................... 15
8. Buffers ................................................................................................ 18
9. Ionophores and Methane Inhibitors ............................................ 23
10. Role of Methane in Global Warming ........................................... 26
11. ISO Acids .......................................................................................... 28
12. Organic Acids in Swine ................................................................. 32
13. Organic Acids in Poultry ............................................................... 33
14. Probiotics (Direct Fed Microbials) ................................................ 35
15. Prebiotics ........................................................................................... 42
16. Antibloating Agents ....................................................................... 46
17. Salivary Inducers ............................................................................. 47
18. Defaunating Agents ....................................................................... 49
19. Antibiotics in Livestock Feeding ................................................... 51
20. Effects of Antibiotics Use on Human Health ............................. 52
21. How Does Antibiotic Resistance Develop? ................................ 53
II. Feed Technology in Livestock Nutrition ........................55
22. Introduction to Feed Technology ................................................. 55
23. Purchase/Procurement of Ingredients ....................................... 56
24. Sampling ........................................................................................... 58
25. Quality Control of Feed Ingredients ............................................ 61
26. Spot Tests .......................................................................................... 65
27. HACCP ............................................................................................. 66
28. Common Adulterants in Feeds and Fodders ............................. 67
29. Feed Processing................................................................................ 68
30. Preparation of Feed Premix........................................................... 73
31. Storage of Feedstuffs ....................................................................... 74
32. Feed Microscopy.............................................................................. 83
33. Improvement of Nutritive Value of Poor-Quality Roughages......................................................................................... 84
34. Feed Mixing ...................................................................................... 88
35. Handling of Liquid Ingredients .................................................... 91
36. Unconventional Feeds .................................................................... 93
References.......................................................................................... 97
